Autism & Fatigue

Fatigue is more than simply feeling sleepy.

It can affect:

• concentration
• decision-making
• communication
• task initiation
• planning
• emotional regulation
• sensory tolerance
• physical activity
• household tasks
• personal care
• work
• study
• community participation

For an autistic adult, fatigue may also interact with sensory demands, executive-function differences, social demands and the effort involved in navigating environments that are not well matched to their needs.
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This means understanding fatigue often requires looking at the whole day or week, rather than one activity in isolation.

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Why Can Everyday Life Use So Much Energy?

Activities that appear straightforward from the outside may involve many simultaneous demands.

Going to work, for example, might involve:

• getting ready
• organising what you need
• travelling
• navigating traffic or public transport
• tolerating noise, lighting or crowds
• communicating with other people
• interpreting unclear expectations
• switching between tasks
• responding to interruptions
• managing changes
• concentrating
• regulating sensory input
• travelling home
• transitioning back into home responsibilities

​By the time you arrive home, there may be very little energy left for:

• cooking
• cleaning
• exercise
• appointments
• relationships
• hobbies
• personal care
• administration

This does not necessarily mean you lack the skills required for those activities.

The issue may be that too much of your available capacity has already been used.

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Energy Is Not Always Consistent

Your capacity may change from one day to another.

You might have enough energy for an activity today but struggle with the same activity tomorrow.
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Energy can be affected by:

• sleep
• physical health
• stress
• sensory load
• social demands
• work
• study
• appointments
• unexpected changes
• travel
• pain
• illness
• executive-function demands
• how much recovery you have had
• other responsibilities

This can make it difficult to predict what you will be able to manage.

A sustainable approach considers patterns over time, rather than judging capacity from a single good or difficult day.

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The Hidden Energy Cost of Sensory Processing

Sensory demands can consume energy even when you appear to be coping.

You may be processing:

• conversations
• background noise
• fluorescent lighting
• movement
• smells
• temperature
• uncomfortable clothing
• crowded spaces
• physical contact
• competing sensory information

If this continues for hours, the cumulative demand can be substantial.

You might then notice:

• reduced concentration
• increased irritability
• difficulty communicating
• difficulty making decisions
• stronger sensory sensitivity
• needing to withdraw
• difficulty completing household tasks
• needing significant recovery afterwards

Reducing unnecessary sensory demands can therefore be part of energy management.
Explore Sensory Support for Autistic Adults

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Social & Communication Demands

Social interaction can also require significant energy.

Depending on the person and situation, this might involve:

• processing spoken information
• working out when to speak
• interpreting indirect communication
• managing group conversations
• adjusting communication for different people
• responding quickly
• dealing with unexpected questions
• navigating workplace expectations
• communicating in noisy environments

Some social activities may be enjoyable and still require recovery afterwards.

Enjoying something does not mean it has no energy cost.

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Masking, Camouflaging & Energy

Some autistic adults consciously or unconsciously mask or camouflage autistic traits in particular environments.

This might involve effort spent:

• monitoring body language
• changing communication style
• forcing or monitoring eye contact
• suppressing natural movements
• rehearsing conversations
• copying expected social behaviour
• hiding sensory discomfort
• appearing calm when overwhelmed

Maintaining this level of self-monitoring can be demanding.

A neurodiversity-affirming approach does not aim to teach someone to mask more effectively.

Instead, support may involve exploring environments, communication approaches and expectations that allow the person to function with less unnecessary effort.

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Executive Function Uses Energy Too

Planning, organising, starting tasks, remembering, prioritising and switching activities all require cognitive effort.

When you are already tired, these processes may become harder.

You might notice:

• difficulty deciding what to do
• getting stuck before starting
• forgetting tasks
• difficulty switching activities
• struggling with multi-step activities
• becoming overwhelmed by decisions
• relying more heavily on routines
• household tasks accumulating

This can create a cycle.

Fatigue makes executive functioning harder, and struggling to manage everyday activities can create additional stress and demands.
Explore Executive Function & Routines for Autistic Adults

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Transitions Can Have an Energy Cost

Moving between activities can require more effort than is immediately obvious.

Examples include:

• leaving home
• arriving at work
• moving between meetings
• stopping one task to begin another
• travelling home
• transitioning from work to household responsibilities
• changing plans unexpectedly

A schedule with many separate activities may therefore be more tiring than one containing the same amount of activity with fewer transitions.

Energy management may involve looking not only at how much you are doing, but also how often you need to stop, switch, travel and adjust.

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Unexpected Change & Fatigue

Unexpected change can create several demands at once.

If plans suddenly change, you may need to:

• process new information
• stop your existing plan
• make new decisions
• reorganise your time
• communicate with other people
• manage uncertainty
• transition to something different

Even when the change appears minor, the combined cognitive and emotional demand may be significant.

Where possible, predictability, advance notice and clear information can reduce unnecessary energy expenditure.

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Work & Autistic Fatigue

You may be able to perform your job successfully while using a large amount of energy to do so.

The demands may come from:

• sensory environments
• commuting
• meetings
• open-plan offices
• interruptions
• changing priorities
• unclear expectations
• multitasking
• communication
• social interaction
• task switching
• maintaining professional presentation

Sometimes the effect becomes most obvious after work.

You may arrive home and have very little capacity remaining for meals, household tasks, relationships or leisure.

When looking at work participation, it can therefore be useful to consider not only whether you can complete the work, but whether the overall routine is sustainable.

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Study & University

University, TAFE and other study environments can also involve substantial energy demands.
These may include:

• travel
• lectures
• tutorials
• sensory environments
• group assignments
• deadlines
• independent study
• changing schedules
• communicating with lecturers
• organising assessments

Study also needs to fit around meals, sleep, household tasks, appointments and possibly employment.

Energy management may therefore involve looking at the whole weekly routine, not simply creating a better study timetable.

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Social Activities & Recovery

A social activity can be meaningful, enjoyable and tiring at the same time.
You may enjoy:

• seeing friends
• family gatherings
• hobbies
• events
• community groups
• celebrations

and still need recovery afterwards.

This does not mean the activity should automatically be avoided.

It may mean that the energy cost needs to be recognised when planning what happens before and afterwards.

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Daily Living When Your Energy Is Low

When energy decreases, everyday activities may become harder.
This might affect:

• showering
• dressing
• preparing meals
• cleaning
• laundry
• shopping
• appointments
• administration
• leaving the house

Sometimes these difficulties are interpreted as a loss of motivation.

But the person may simply have less functional capacity available at that time.

Support may need to focus on reducing the demands of these activities rather than expecting the same level of performance every day.
Explore Autism, Daily Living & Independence for Adults

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Cumulative Demands

One activity may be manageable.

Several demanding activities without enough recovery between them may not be.

For example:
Monday: work + supermarket
Tuesday: work + appointment
Wednesday: work + family commitment
Thursday: work + household tasks
Friday: work + social activity

Each individual day may look reasonable.

But the cumulative demands across the week may result in significant fatigue by Friday or over the weekend.

Energy management therefore needs to consider the pattern of demands and recovery over time.

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Recognising Your Own Energy Patterns

Before changing your routine, it can be useful to understand what currently affects your energy.

You might notice patterns relating to:

• particular environments
• specific activities
• time of day
• days of the week
• social demands
• sensory demands
• travel
• workdays
• appointments
• poor sleep
• unexpected changes
• how many activities are scheduled together

An OT may help you look for these patterns without assuming every tiring activity should simply be removed.

The question becomes:
Which demands are necessary or meaningful, which can be changed, and where is more recovery needed?

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What Is Energy Management?

Energy management means using your available physical, cognitive and emotional capacity in a sustainable way.
It may involve:

• understanding your energy patterns
• planning demanding activities
• allowing recovery
• prioritising
• pacing
• simplifying activities
• changing environments
• reducing unnecessary demands
• using equipment or technology
• accepting assistance
• adjusting routines

The goal is not necessarily to do less.
It is to make better use of the energy you have available for the activities that matter.

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Pacing

Pacing involves balancing activity and recovery rather than repeatedly pushing until you are exhausted.

This might mean:

• breaking larger activities into smaller stages
• allowing recovery between demanding activities
• avoiding scheduling every difficult activity on the same day
• recognising early signs of fatigue
• adjusting the pace before reaching exhaustion
• spreading household tasks across the week

Pacing should be individualised.

It is not simply following a fixed schedule regardless of how you feel.

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Rest Before You Are Completely Exhausted

If recovery only happens once you can no longer continue, it may take longer to recover.

For some people, planned breaks before reaching exhaustion can be more sustainable.

A useful break might involve:

• reducing sensory input
• being alone
• lying down
• engaging in a preferred activity
• movement
• listening to familiar music
• using sensory supports
• reducing communication demands
• doing nothing for a period of time

What feels restorative varies between people.

A break is only useful if it actually reduces demands for that person.

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Prioritising

Energy is limited, so not every activity can always receive equal priority.
It can help to consider:

• What must happen today?
• What can wait?
• What matters most to me?
• What has consequences if it is delayed?
• What can be simplified?
• What can another person do?
• What am I doing only because I feel I "should"?

Sometimes protecting energy for something meaningful requires deliberately doing less elsewhere.

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Simplifying Activities

An activity does not have to be completed in the most complicated way.

Examples might include:

• online grocery shopping instead of going to the supermarket
• easier meals on workdays
• sitting for some household tasks
• using automated reminders
• simplifying clothing choices
• having frequently used items easily accessible
• reducing unnecessary travel
• grouping similar activities together
• using delivery services
• using Assistive Technology

Changing how something is done is not cheating.
It is problem-solving.

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Reducing Decisions

Decision-making uses cognitive energy.

If the same decisions need to be made repeatedly, routines can reduce this demand.

Examples might include:

• having several familiar meals
• using a regular shopping list
• having predictable household routines
• preparing clothing in advance
• automating bills
• using recurring appointments
• keeping commonly used items in consistent places

​A routine can act as an energy-management strategy because it reduces the need to repeatedly plan from the beginning.

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Environmental Changes

Sometimes fatigue is partly an environmental problem.

An environment that requires constant sensory filtering, communication or adaptation may use significantly more energy than one that suits the person.

Changes might involve:

• reducing noise
• adjusting lighting
• changing workspace location
• using headphones or hearing protection where appropriate
• reducing interruptions
• working from home where appropriate
• having access to a quieter space
• changing the timing of activities
• shopping during quieter periods

The aim is not to avoid all challenge.
It is to reduce demands that do not need to be there.

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Assistive Technology & Energy

Technology and equipment can sometimes reduce the physical or cognitive demands of everyday activities.
Depending on individual needs, examples may include:

• reminders
• calendars
• timers
• smart-home technology
• task-management systems
• adaptive equipment
• seating
• mobility equipment
• kitchen equipment

An Occupational Therapist can help consider whether equipment or technology addresses an identified functional need.
Explore Assistive Technology & Equipment

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Getting Help With Tasks

Energy management does not mean you have to find a way to independently complete every activity.

Sometimes the most sustainable option is receiving assistance.

This could involve help with:

• cleaning
• meals
• shopping
• transport
• paperwork
• appointments
• household maintenance
• other daily activities

Preserving energy for activities that are important to you can be a legitimate functional goal.

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What Is Autistic Burnout?

Autistic burnout is a term used to describe an experience reported by some autistic people involving significant exhaustion and reduced capacity following prolonged or cumulative demands.

People describing autistic burnout may report experiences such as:

• profound exhaustion
• reduced capacity for everyday activities
• increased sensory sensitivity
• needing substantially more recovery
• finding communication more difficult
• reduced ability to manage demands that were previously manageable
• greater difficulty with executive functioning

Autistic burnout is not the same as simply having a tiring day.

It is also not something that should automatically be assumed whenever an autistic person experiences fatigue.

Persistent or significant changes in energy and functioning can have many possible causes and may require medical assessment.

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Autistic Burnout & Masking

Some autistic people describe prolonged masking or camouflaging as one of several demands that can contribute to exhaustion.

Other cumulative demands may include:

• unsuitable sensory environments
• sustained social expectations
• work or study demands
• repeated changes
• executive-function demands
• inadequate recovery
• trying to maintain an unsustainable routine

Support should focus on understanding the individual's circumstances rather than assuming there is one cause or one solution.

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Autistic Burnout vs Occupational Burnout

The term burnout is also commonly used in relation to workplace stress.

Occupational burnout and autistic burnout are not necessarily the same concept, although an autistic person may experience significant workplace stress as part of their overall demands.

It is important not to assume that every experience described as burnout has the same cause.

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Fatigue Can Have Medical Causes

Not all fatigue experienced by an autistic adult is caused by autism.

Fatigue can have many possible medical, psychological, sleep-related, medication-related and lifestyle causes.

New, unexplained, severe or persistent fatigue should not simply be attributed to autism.

Consider speaking with your GP or another appropriate health professional if you experience:

• significant unexplained fatigue
• a major change from your usual energy level
• fatigue that continues despite adequate rest
• unexplained weakness
• dizziness or fainting
• shortness of breath
• unexplained weight changes
• significant changes in sleep
• other new or concerning symptoms

Urgent or severe symptoms require appropriate medical attention.

Occupational Therapy does not replace medical investigation of unexplained fatigue.

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What About ME/CFS or Other Fatigue Conditions?

Autistic adults can also have health conditions that cause or contribute to fatigue.

If you have, or may have, a medical condition associated with significant fatigue, your energy-management approach may need to account for that condition.

Strategies appropriate for one cause of fatigue are not automatically appropriate for another.

Medical diagnosis and management should be guided by appropriately qualified health professionals.

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Energy Conservation & the 4 Ps

Occupational Therapy has broader energy-conservation approaches that can be used across many health conditions and functional difficulties.

One commonly discussed framework is the 4 Ps of Energy Conservation:

• Planning
• Pacing
• Prioritising
• Positioning

Belong Health has a separate resource dedicated to energy conservation and these broader Occupational Therapy strategies.
Explore Energy Conservation Occupational Therapy

How Can Occupational Therapy Help With Autism & Fatigue?

Occupational Therapy looks at how your energy affects the activities you need and want to do.

​An OT may explore:

• your daily routine
• work or study
• personal care
• household activities
• community participation
• sensory environments
• executive-function demands
• transitions
• activity patterns
• recovery
• sleep routines where functionally relevant
• equipment
• Assistive Technology
• environmental barriers
• support from other people

The aim is to identify where demands can realistically be changed.

This might involve:

• pacing
• activity planning
• environmental modifications
• task simplification
• changing routines
• reducing unnecessary transitions
• Assistive Technology
• equipment
• workplace or study strategies
• support with daily activities
• identifying more sustainable ways to participate

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Energy Management at Home

Home is often where the effect of fatigue becomes most visible.

You may use much of your available energy at work, study or in the community and then struggle with:

• meals
• cleaning
• laundry
• personal care
• administration
• relationships
• leisure

Home-based Occupational Therapy may help identify ways to reduce the demands of everyday activities in the environment where they actually occur.

Home visits depend on clinician location, scope, travel area and availability.

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Energy Management at Work or Study

Occupational Therapy may also explore functional strategies relating to work or study where appropriate.

This could involve considering:

• workload patterns
• transitions
• environmental demands
• organisation
• breaks
• sensory needs
• task structure
• commuting
• how work or study affects the rest of the person's day

The goal is to consider the whole pattern of participation, rather than looking at work or study in isolation.

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Energy Management Through Telehealth

Telehealth may be suitable for some fatigue and energy-management support.

You may be able to:

• review your weekly routine
• identify patterns
• discuss demanding activities
• review planning systems
• problem-solve household activities
• explore environmental changes
• review strategies over time

Whether telehealth is appropriate depends on your individual needs and the type of Occupational Therapy support required.
Explore Telehealth Occupational Therapy

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NDIS Occupational Therapy & Energy Management

Belong Health is an NDIS registered provider.

For NDIS participants, Occupational Therapy may be relevant where disability-related functional difficulties affect the person's capacity to participate in everyday activities and the service is appropriate to their individual goals, needs and funding.

The focus should be on the participant's functional needs and participation, rather than fatigue as an isolated symptom.

The exact service depends on:

• individual functional needs
• goals
• clinician scope
• service purpose
• available funding
• current NDIS requirements

An autism diagnosis does not automatically mean a particular fatigue-management strategy, service, item or support will be funded.

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Private Occupational Therapy

You do not need to be an NDIS participant to enquire about Occupational Therapy.

Belong Health accepts suitable private Occupational Therapy referrals.
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Our team can discuss:

• what you are finding difficult
• how fatigue is affecting everyday activities
• your location
• what type of support you are seeking
• whether we have an Occupational Therapist whose scope matches your needs

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Start With a Free 20-Minute OT Meet & Greet

If you are unsure whether Occupational Therapy could help with fatigue, energy management or maintaining everyday activities, you can start with a Free 20-Minute OT Meet & Greet.

You can:

• explain what you are experiencing
• discuss which activities are affected
• ask questions
• learn about the OT's approach
• explore whether the clinician may be a suitable fit

The Meet & Greet is an introductory conversation.

It is not a formal assessment, therapy session, medical investigation, report or diagnostic appointment.
There is no obligation to proceed.
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Book Your Free 20-Minute OT Meet & Greet

Have a question? or need more information

Our friendly team are happy to help call us on 08 9586 3934 or send us a message

Sensory Support for Autistic Adults: Frequently Asked Questions

Are sensory issues common in autistic adults?
Sensory differences are recognised as part of the range of experiences that can occur in autism. An autistic adult may be more or less responsive to particular sensory input or have strong interests in particular sensory experiences. Every autistic person's sensory experiences are different.

What are sensory issues in autism?
Sensory differences can involve how someone experiences or responds to sound, light, touch, taste, smell, movement, body position and other sensory information. Some experiences may feel particularly intense or difficult to filter, while other forms of sensory input may be actively sought.

What does sensory overload feel like?
Sensory overload is individual. A person may find it increasingly difficult to concentrate, communicate, think, make decisions or remain in an environment when sensory demands become too much. They may need to reduce sensory input or leave the environment and recover.

Can autistic adults be sensitive to noise?
Yes. Some autistic adults are particularly sensitive to sounds or find it difficult to filter background noise. Others may actively seek particular sounds. Sensory experiences vary between people.

Can autistic adults be sensitive to light?
Yes. Bright, fluorescent, flickering or visually busy environments may be uncomfortable or distracting for some autistic adults.

Can sensory overload make you tired?
Managing high levels of sensory input can require significant effort. Some autistic adults find busy or highly stimulating environments exhausting and need recovery time afterwards.

Can you be sensory seeking and sensory sensitive?
Yes. You might be sensitive to one type of sensory information while seeking another. Your preferences may also vary depending on the environment, activity, stress, fatigue and other demands.

What is sensory seeking in autistic adults?
Sensory seeking describes actively looking for particular sensory experiences. This might involve movement, pressure, textures, sounds, repetitive movements or other sensory input that is enjoyable, comfortable or regulating.

Is stimming a sensory behaviour?
Stimming can provide sensory input, enjoyment, expression or regulation. Harmless stimming does not need to be stopped simply to make someone appear less autistic.

How can I reduce sensory overload at work?
The right strategy depends on what is causing the difficulty. Changes might involve lighting, noise, workspace location, equipment, routines, timing, breaks or other environmental adaptations. An Occupational Therapist can help identify the specific demands affecting your work.

Can Occupational Therapy help with sensory overload?
Occupational Therapy may help when sensory experiences are affecting everyday activities. An OT can explore the interaction between your sensory needs, activities and environments and identify practical strategies or adaptations.

Do I need a sensory assessment?
Not necessarily. Whether a formal assessment is useful depends on what you need to understand and the purpose of the assessment. Some people primarily need support with a particular activity or environment.

What is a Sensory Profile assessment?
A Sensory Profile is used to gather information about patterns of sensory processing and how they may relate to everyday activities. Belong Health has a separate Sensory Profile & Sensory Processing Assessments page explaining this in more detail.

Can a sensory assessment diagnose autism?
No. A sensory assessment is not an autism diagnostic assessment. Sensory differences can occur in autism but also occur in people who are not autistic.

Can you have sensory differences without autism?
Yes. Sensory differences are not exclusive to autism and may occur for many different reasons.

Are sensory differences the same as Sensory Processing Disorder?
Terminology around sensory processing can vary. Sensory differences can occur alongside autism and other conditions, but experiencing sensory differences does not by itself establish a separate diagnosis. If you are seeking diagnostic clarification, discuss your concerns with an appropriately qualified health professional.

Can sensory support be provided by telehealth?
Some sensory support may be suitable for telehealth, particularly when discussing your home environment, routines, strategies and environmental changes. Suitability depends on your individual needs and the type of support required.

Can an OT visit my home for sensory support?
Home-based Occupational Therapy may be available depending on your location, clinician availability, service suitability and travel requirements. Seeing the environment where a difficulty occurs can sometimes be useful.

Do I need an autism diagnosis to get help with sensory needs?
Not necessarily. Occupational Therapy can address functional difficulties affecting everyday activities without the OT's role being to diagnose autism. Funding programs may have separate eligibility and evidence requirements.

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Looking for Sensory Support?

If sensory differences are making everyday activities, work, study, community participation or home life harder, Occupational Therapy may be able to help you understand what is happening and identify practical strategies.

Belong Health provides Occupational Therapy for adults across Perth, Rockingham and Joondalup, with the exact service available depending on your location, needs and clinician scope.
Start With a Free 20-Minute OT Meet & Greet
Book Your Free 20-Minute Meet & Greet
No obligation to proceed.

Explore Occupational Therapy for Autistic Adults
Explore Sensory Profile & Sensory Processing Assessments

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Last reviewed: September 2026

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Phone: 08 9586 3934

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